Index

Acta Diurna                                     27

Adams, Ansel                                    135

Adobe Systems                        290, 301

Adams, Samuel  Hopkins            81, 173  – 174

Advertising

  • Advertising Council            182
  • business models            170
  • broadcasting                         182
  • children and TV            259
  • origins of                        166
  • economic trends             192
  • full service                         171 – 172
  • Google                         191, 315
  • image advertising            166
  • internet, impact of              190
  • NY Times v Sullivan            92, 188
  • patent medicine            173  – 174
  • philosophy of                         171
  • postwar industry            185
  • FTC regulation            174, 186 – 188
  • tobacco                        177 – 178, 183, 258
  • TV political attacks            250 – 251
  • World War II                        181

Advertising Agencies

  • Doyle, Day,Bernbach            186
  • George Reynell            170
  • J. Walter Thompson            171, 186
  • Leo Burnette                        185
  • Lord & Thomas            177
  • N.W. Ayer                        172, 176, 177
  • Ogilvy / WPP                        186
  • Saatchi & Saatchi            186
  • Volney Palmer            170

Advertising Regulation

  • UK (ASA)                        186
  • US (FTC)                        174, 186, 188
  • France                                     187
  • Valentine case                        187
  • Bigelow v Va.                        187
  • Nike v Kasky                        188
  • NYT v Sullivan             188 – 189

African American Press             92, 114

Agricola, Georgius                         26

Alien & Sedition Acts                        41

Al Jazeera network                        263

Atlanta Journal & Constitution                       

  • Grady, Henry                        42
  • McGill, Ralph                        94
  • Seldes, George            83

Altamira cave paintings            107 – 108

Amazon                                    314

America On Line  (ISP)

  • origins                                    303, 307
  • CNN Time Warner            311 – 312

Amos n’ Andy (radio show)            22

Anderson, Chris (TED)             267

Anderson, Chris (Wired)            314, 331

Andreessen, Marc                        295, 308 – 311

Anti-trust

Associated Press             77, 195, 203 – 207

  • satellite radio                         235
  • satellite TV                         265
  • telegraph                        210
  • telephone                         210
  • US v Microsoft
  • US v MPPA
  • US v NBC                         232
  • US v Paramount
  • US v AP                        206

Apple Corp.

  • (See Jobs, Steve)
  • 1984 Ad                        288
  • Apple II                        282, 285
  • brink of bankruptcy            292
  • criticism of “apps”             331 – 332
  • desktop publishing            290
  • iPhone, iPad                        292, 332
  • iPod                                    236, 291 – 292
  • iTunes                                    320
  • Mac                                    287, 290
  • Xerox                                    271, 286 – 287

Areopagitica                                    24, 31

Armstrong, Edwin H.                        218

  • Associated Press
  • anti-trust                         204, 205
  • Compuserv partner            303
  • digital photos                         137
  • formation of                         203
  • Inter-Ocean News            204
  • Irwin, Will                        77
  • photo guidelines            293
  • Rosenthal,Joe (photo)            133
  • Twain, Mark                         197
  • unbiased journalism            202
  • United Press                        204
  • US v AP                        206
  • Ut, Nick (photo)            136
  • Western AP                        204
  • Western Union             194, 204

AT&T

  • public relations             176
  • telephone monopoly            209 – 210
  • transistor                         280
  • Bell Labs                         210, 280

Babbage, Charles                        273 – 275

Bacon, Francis                            13, 17

Baker-Barnett, Ida B. Wells            80, 192

Barlow, John Perry                        310

Barnum, Phineas T.                         168

Beasley, Maurine                         90

Bell, Alexander Graham            9, 204, 208 – 210

Bennett, James Gordon            50 – 53

Berlin National Zeitung            61

Berlin Voissische Zeitung            88

Berliner Tageblatt

  • founding                         62
  • Nazi takeover                         82, 88

Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung     128

Berners-Lee, Tim

  • computing family            275
  • Mosaic                                    295
  • origin of WWW            307 – 308

Bernstein, Carl                        96

Bolter, J. David                        274

Bezos, Jeff                                    314

Bigart, Homer                         95

Birth of a Nation

  • African-Am. press            92, 114
  • controversy                        144 – 145

Blackwood, William                         107, 11

Bly, Nelly                                    66-67

Boorstin, Daniel J                        115, 165

Bourke-White, Margaret            132, 134

Brady, Matthew                        112, 119 – 121

Brand, Stewart                                    282

Brave New World                         113

Bricklin, Dan                                    286

Brin, Sergey                                    314

Browser wars                                     312 – 313

Bush, Vannevar

  • Babbage, Charles            278
  • democracy                        290
  • typesetting                        101, 290
  • Memex idea                        296

Burke, James                                     282

Cable News Network CNN            264

CNN – AOL                         311

Calvin, John                                    22, 23

Capa, Robert                                     131 – 132

Carolus, Johann                        28

Case, Steve                                     311 -312

Castellio, Sebastian                         23, 24

Cato letters                                    30

Casky, Antrim                                    135

Caxton, William                         26, 167

CBS (broadcasting network)

  • audience share                        265
  • news from Europe             224
  • origins                                    219
  • Prodigy  ISP                        303
  • Univac computer            279
  • War of the Worlds            226

Censorship

  • (See Protestant Reformation)
  • Sedition Act (1798)            41-42
  • China                                     138, 264, 315
  •             Cinema                        141 – 143
  • Creel Committee            83
  • Britain                                    22, 28
  • Espionage Act(1917)            83
  • France                                    28, 35, 59 -60, 83
  • Germany                        61 – 62, 88 – 89
  • Google                          315
  • hate speech                        316
  • HUAC hearings            157
  • internet                         297, 310
  • MPAA Code                        144
  • OWI – WWII                         230
  • Pentagon Papers            95 – 96
  • photography                        84, 131
  • FRC v Trinity (radio)            220
  • radio                                    220 – 222, 227 – 228
  •  Russia- USSR            85 – 86
  • types of censorship            28 – 29
  • Vietnam war                        95
  • West, Mae                         223
  • World War I                        82 – 84
  • World War II                        89, 230

Cerf, Vint                                     300

Chaplin, Charlie                        144 – 147, 154 – 155

Chappe, Claude                        197

Chaucer, Geoffrey                        26

Chesterton, Cecil                        81

Civil rights

  • Bonanza TV cast            256
  • cinema                         158 – 159
  • Hutchins Comm.            92
  • news coverage             92 – 94
  • television                        253 – 257

Clemenceau, Georges             61 , 82

Cinema (also see Hollywood)

  • Britain                                    152, 156, 162
  • China                                     162
  • European festivals            163
  • Germany                          147, 148, 154, 156, 163
  • India (Bollywood)            162, 163
  • Italy                                    157
  • Japan                                    153
  • Russia                                    146, 153

Citizen Kane (movie)                        72, 150

Cobbett, William                         39-41

Colliers (magazine)                          77, 17

Columbus, Christopher             25

Compuserv ISP                        301, 306

Computers

  • Apple II                        282, 285
  • Apple Mac                        287, 290
  • Berlin Wall, fall of            290
  • CBS election news            279
  • democracy                        278
  • ENIAC, Colossus             276  – 277
  • hoax photo                        293
  • IBM                                     275,  288
  • IBM  PC                        289
  • integrated processors            281
  • origins                         273 – 274
  • TRADIC                        280
  • transistors                        280
  • Univac                                    210, 278
  • Xerox Alto                        284

Computer Software

  • Ada                                    275
  • COBOL            `            276
  • FORTRAN                        293
  • Free Software                        320
  • Hypertext                         284
  • Java                                    291
  • MS -Windows             291-292
  • MS-DOS                        288
  • Smalltalk                        287
  • TCP / IP                         300 – 301
  • Unix                                     291, 319
  • Visicalc                        28

Cooke, William F.                         199 – 201

Coster, Laurens                         19

Coughlin,  Fr.             Charles            227 – 229

Cousteau, Jacques                        134

Craigslist                                    325

Cringely, Robert                         288

Cronkite, Walter

  • Hell at 20,000 feet            231
  • JFK assassination            250
  • Vietnam                        252
  • computer of future            279

Currier  & Ives                        111

Daguerre, Louis                        112, 117 – 118, 200

Dana, Charles Henry                        51

Daniels, Derek                                    270

Darnton, Robert                         27

DARPA                                    271, 299

Davis, Richard Harding            71, 82

Day, Benjamin                        49 – 51

Desmoulins, Camille                        35

Deutsche Presse-Agentur            207

De Toqueville, Alexis                        38

Der Stürmer                                    89

Disney, Walt                                     153, 155

Dolchstoss                                    84, 251

Dot-com bubble                        311

Douglass, Frederick                        92

DuBois, W. E. B.                        334

Durante, Walter                         87

Dreyfus, Alfred                        60

Eastman, George                        125, 141

Ebay                                                316, 324

Edison, Thomas

  • Black Maria studio            141
  • Eastman, George            141
  • Edison monopoly            143
  • Kinetoscope                        141
  • moral value of film            113
  • power of film                        139
  • EFE news  service                         207

Eisenstein, Elizabeth                        20, 26

Englebart, Doug                        279, 283 – 284, 300, 301

F64 Group                                    124

Facebook                                    326

  • (Also see Social Media)

Fanning, Shawn                        321

Farm Services Admin.             115, 127

Farnsworth, Philo T.                         240

Federal Communications Comm.

  • ACT v FCC                         260
  • Blue Book                         232
  • deregulation                        261
  • Fairness Doctrine             230, 241, 261
  • FOE v FCC                         261
  • FRC licensing                        219
  • FRC v Trinity                        221
  • FRC formed                         219
  • Mayflower decision             229, 241
  • ownership rules            234
  • Red Lion v FCC            241, 261
  • safe harbor concept            260
  • tech standards TV            241
  • United Church v FCC 255
  • vast wasteland             246
  • violence, V-Chip            260
  • West, Mae                         224
  • WLBT case                         254 – 256

Fenno, John                                     41

Fenton, Roger                                     111, 119 – 121

Fessenden, Reginald                        216 – 217

Fourth Estate                                    40

Franklin, Benjamin

  • apprenticeship             40, 42
  • Apology for Printers            24, 25
  • colonial unity                        111
  • freedom of speech            29, 30
  • publisher, investor            34
  • scientist                        119

Freedom’s Journal                        92

Freedom of Press

  • Alien-Sedition Acts            42
  • Article 19, UN                        30, 335
  • Enlightenment             29 – 30
  • First Amendment            30, 335
  • Hearst as menace            71
  • Jefferson, Thomas             29, 35, 317
  • Lenin opposes             86
  • Luxembourg, Rosa            86
  • Paine, Thomas                        35
  • Pulitzer libel charge            65

Freneau, Phillip                         41

Friedel, Robert                         25, 333

Friedman, Milton                        103

Friedman, Thomas                        7, 264, 333

Gable, Clark                                    156

Gandhi, Mohandas                         87, 225

Gates, Bill

  • (See Microsoft)
  • IBM                              280, 288 – 290
  • MSNBC                        308
  • rivalry with Jobs            292

Gibson, William                        269

Google

  • advertising                         191, 315
  • Android                        292
  • China                                     315
  • origin                                    314
  • traditional media            106, 315

Greenberger, Martin                        297

Greeley, Horace

  • Mormons, views on            63
  • NY Tribune                         53-54
  • Parton’s biography            5
  • philosophy advert.            171
  • environmentalist             62

Grunig, James                         185

Gutenberg, Johannes                        17 – 19, 224

Habermas, Jurgen                         5, 31, 74

Halberstam, David                        95

Haley, Alex                                     15

Hastings, Reed                         314

Harmsworth, Alfred   (Lord Northcliffe)                         40, 73 – 74

Harris, Benjamin                         28, 32, 40

Havas, Charles Louis                        59, 207

Havas news service                        207

Hearst, William Randolph

  • Bolo Pasha affair             83
  • chain publisher             70 – 72
  • Citizen Kane                         150
  • Harmsworth, Alfred            40
  • visits Hitler, 1934            72
  • Hollywood scandals            144
  • Int’l Press Assn.            206
  • radio news                        226
  • yellow journalism            55

Hemingway, Ernest                        84, 203

Herodotus (Greek historian)            3

Hershey, John                                    97

Hertz, Heinrich                        212, 213

Higgins, Marguerite                        90

Hindenburg disaster                         225

Hine, Lewis                                    115, 126

Hogarth, William                        110

Hollerith, Herman                        275

Hollywood  (US Cinema)

  • animation                        152
  • anti-trust                        149
  • Civil rights                         158 – 159
  • computer editing            290
  • digital copyright             161
  • DVD sales                        163
  • end of mass audience 163
  • fights fascism                        155
  • fantasy genre                         15
  • Golden Age                         149
  • hegemony                        196
  • industry moves to             143
  • McCarthy era                        157
  • MPAA code                         144
  • Reconciliation films            157
  • special effects                         160
  • US v Paramount            158

Home Brew Computer Club            285

Hopper, Grace                         276, 277

Hubbard, Gardiner G.             204, 208

Hume, David                                    28

Hus, Jan                                    21

Hutchins Commission            (1947)

  • civil rights                         92
  • Miller report                        76
  • profit motive                        103
  • radio concerns              232
  • similar principles            335
  • social responsibility            91 – 92

IBM Corp.

  • CADET model            291
  • corporate culture            281
  • internet                        301
  • Microsoft                         271
  • Microsoft deal                        288
  • Model 360                        280
  • Nazi Germany                        275
  • origins                         273

Illustrated London News            107, 111, 128

Innis, Harold                                    9, 16

Intel Corp.                                    281

International News Service            83, 205 – 207

Internet

  • (Also see World Wide Web)
  • Enemies of Freedom            315
  • Internet relay chat            301
  • ISPs                                     305 – 307
  • listservs                        301
  • mainstream media            303
  • Network value theory            316
  • origins                                    298
  • Reno v ACLU                        311
  • source of news                        105
  • TCP/IP                        300

Internet Service Providers (ISP)

  • AOL                                    307
  • Compuserv                         301, 306
  • Minitel                                    104, 304
  • Prestel                                    304
  • Prodigy                          303, 306
  • Viewtron                           104 – 105. 270, 303
  • WWW impact            on             319
  • Xanadu                        307

Irwin, Will                                    77, 82, 270

Jazz Singer                                     148

Jefferson, Thomas

  • partisan press                         41
  • press freedom                        29, 35, 317
  • religious coercion             25
  • Thomas Paine                        34
  • civil rights                        92

Jobs, Steve

  • Apple II, Mac                        285-288
  • defends Aps                        331
  • influences                        282
  • NeXt, Pixar                        287
  • return to Apple            292
  • rivalry with  Gates            292

Journalism

  • African-American            91 – 92
  • citizen journalists            330
  • Civil rights                         92  – 94
  • crusading                         63 – 65
  • daily “Me”                        329
  • literary, gonzo                        96
  • Internet impact on            76
  • literary non-fiction            95 – 96
  • muckraking                         77 – 81
  • science, environment            68 – 70, 97 – 98
  • yellow                                     65, 70 – 72

Joy, Bill                                         290, 320

JPEG digital photo format            137, 246

Kangura (Rwanda)                        89

Katz,  John                                     271

Kilby, Jack                                    281

Knight – Ridder

  • chain operations            103
  • Derek Daniels                        270
  • early iPad                        105, 303
  • Info Design Lab            105, 303
  • Netscape investment            308 – 309
  • Viewtron (ISP)            104 – 105, 270, 303

Korn, Arthur                                     239

Kroeger, Brooke                        66

Kubrick, Stanley                        269, 281

Kulash, Damian                        323

Kurzweil, Raymond                        7, 262

Lange, Dorothea                         128 – 130

Lee, Ivy                                     175 – 177

Lennin, Vladimir Ilyich            85

Lessig, Lawrence                        322 – 323

Libel

  • AP, The Masses            205
  • British journalists            39 – 41, 73
  • Colliers v Postum            174
  • French libeles                        35
  • muckraking                        78
  • Nestle Corp.                         184
  • NY Times v Sullivan            188
  • Prodigy v Stratton            306
  • Zenger trial                        32 – 34

Licklider, J.C.R.                        279, 283, 297, 299

Life  magazine                                    128, 130 – 131, 135, 136

Lippmann, Walter

  • Four stages of press            74- 75
  • science news                         70
  • stereotypes                        113

Livingston, David                        56-57

Loewen, James                         3

Locke, John                                    29, 38

London, Times of

  • established                         39
  • steam printing                         46- 48
  • competitors taxed            56
  • Harmsworth buys            73
  • Charge Light Brigade            119
  • public health                         98
  • Russell, Wm. H.            203

London Daily Telegraph            56

London Daily Mail                        73

London Daily Mirror                        73

Lovelace, Ada                         274

Luce, Henry                                     128

Luddites

  • view of technology             8
  • Cobbett defends            41
  • Times of London            46 – 47

Lumière, Auguste and Louis            139, 141

Lun , Ts’ai                                    18

Luxemburg, Rosa                        86

Luther, Martin                         21 – 22

MacBride report                        263, 335

Magazines

  • muckraking                        77 – 81
  • patent medicine             173 – 174

Marat, Jean Paul                         36

Marconi, Guglielmo

  • radio as fertilizer             9
  • radio invented               213 – 216
  • Titanic disaster             216
  • future of radio               236

Marx Brothers                         151

Marx, Karl                                    54, 62

Masses, The (magazine)            205

Maxwell, James Clerk                        213

McChesney, Robert                         91, 102, 219

McClure’s (magazine)            77

McGill, Ralph                                    94

McLuhan, Marshall

  • advertising                         165, 191
  • electronic vs literate            267
  • global village                         9, 264
  • hot & cool media            10
  • media impacts                        6
  • medium is message            9, 202
  • political impacts             27
  • re-tribalization                        15, 267
  • Tetrad media change            11, 142

Medill, Joseph                                    13

Melies, George                        142

Metcalf, Bob                           300, 316

Meyer, Phillip                         104

Microsoft Corp.

  • (See Bill Gates)
  • Apple lawsuit                        291
  • IBM                                    271 , 280
  • MSNBC                         308
  • origins                                    288 – 289
  • Xbox                                    292

Milton, John                                    24, 31

Minitel            ISP                                     104, 201, 304

Miyazaki, Hayao                        153

Monopoly (See anti-trust)

MPEG audio standard                        236, 246

Moon hoax (NY Sun)                         50

Moore, Gordon                        281

Moore’s Law                                    281

Morrison, Herbert                         225

Morse, Samuel

  • Brady, Matthew            119
  • competitors                        198, 201
  • Daguerre, Louis            119
  • monopoly warning            197, 200, 207
  • telegraph, invention            193, 198 – 201
  • wife’s death                        199

Morse code

  • binary system                        197
  • Morse invents                        199 – 200
  • Europe adopts                        207
  • Typesetting influence            43, 199

Mortara affair (1858)                        55

Muckraking

  • journalism                        77 – 81
  • magazines                        77
  • Pearson, Drew                        89
  • photography                        126
  • public relations             175, 181
  • radio                                    221
  • Roosevelt, Theodore            78

Murdoch, Rupert                        270

Myhrvold, Nathan                        273

MySpace                                     270, 326

Murrow, Edward R.

  • Buchanwald report            231
  • documentaries                        265
  • Hear it Now                        232
  • London calling             230
  • McCarthy, Joseph            243
  • NAB speech                        238, 239
  • radio news Europe            225, 230, 231
  • Radulovich, Milo            243
  • See it Now                        244
  • Shirer, William            225
  • Stewart, John                        266
  • sponsor trouble             231 – 232, 244
  • Univac                                    279

Muybridge, Eadweard                        140

Napster                                     162, 236, 321

NBC network

  • Civil rights coverage            254
  • development                         224-226
  • losing audience             265
  • Microsoft MSNBC            308
  • origins                         219
  • television                        241
  • US v NBC                         232

Negroponte, Nicholas                        164, 329

Nelson, Ted                                    282, 297, 301, 307

Netflix                                     163, 314

Netscape (browser)                          308, 313

Newmark, Craig                        325

Nevins, Allan                                    2

New Century Network             105, 270

New York Daily Graphic            115

New York Herald                        50 –  53, 56, 62, 203

New York Herald-Tribune            90, 91

New York Journal                        55, 70 -72, 225

New York Sun                                    49-51

New York Times

  • Duranty, Walter             87
  • founding                         54 – 55
  • Mortara affair                        66
  • muckraking                        78
  • New Century                        105
  • NY Times v Sullivan            92, 188
  • Ochs, Adolph                        55
  • Raymond, Henry            55
  • Tamany Hall                        55, 80
  • Van Anda, Carr            70

New York Tribune                         53- 54, 82

New York World                        55, 61-65, 67

New Yorker Staats-Zeitung            83

Newspapers

  • anti-Trust laws             103
  • deToqueville on            38
  • early newspapers               27  – 28
  • economic trouble            71, 102 -104
  • Internet impact on             104 – 106
  • partisan press                        37 – 42
  • Patent ads                         174
  • pauper Press                        39, 56
  • penny Press                        48
  • political impacts            31
  • Preservation Act             103
  • rebuilt after WWII            91
  • US support for             37

Niepce, Joseph Nicephore            117

Niles, Hezekiah

  • Adams, John                        34
  • American newspapers            38
  • objectivity                        42
  • Civil War anticipated            42
  • newspaper of record            202

Niles Weekly Register             38, 42, 202

Nike Corp.                                    188, 191

Noyce, Robert                                    281

Nuremburg Principles                        89, 335

(Also see Social Responsibility)

Nuremburg Chronicles            110

OK Go (rock band)                        323- 324

Ong, Walter                                     16

Oracle Corp.                                    290

Oral cultures                                    14 – 15

Orwell, George                         269, 271, 282

Orwell’s 1984 (book)                         269, 287

Parks, Gordon                                    130 – 131

Page, Larry                                     314

Paine, Thomas                         34 , 40

Paper, sources of                        18

Pasha, Bolo                                     83

Pearson, Drew                         89

Penny press

  • advertising                         170
  • Britain                         56 – 59
  • France                                     59 – 61
  • Germany                         61 – 62, 88
  • United States                         48 – 55

Pentagon Papers                        95

Peter Porcupine – See William Cobbett

Phillips, David Graham            81

Photography

  • celluloid film                        125
  • copyright of                         122
  • digital impacts                        137
  • environmental                        133
  • ethics                                     136 – 137
  • F64 Group                        124
  • FSA                                    127
  • halftone printing            125
  • magazines                        128
  • muckraking                        126
  • invention of                         117 – 118
  • papparazi                        137
  • pictorialism                        123
  • straight                                    124

Political revolution and media

  • American revolution            32
  • Arab revolutions            333
  • Berlin Wall, fall of            262, 290
  • Communist (Russia)            85
  • English civil war            31
  • European 1848            61
  • French revolution            35
  • Glorious, 1688 (UK)            38
  • India non-violent            87
  • Nazi (Germany)            88

Postal Services (US, Europe)

  • Support newspapers             37 – 38
  • Print infrastructure            194
  • Censorship WWI             81
  • Telegraph                        201, 204

Postman, Neil                                    113

Printing

  • engraving                        110
  • Gutenberg                        18 – 27
  • laser printing                        290
  • life in a print shop            42-45
  • lithography                         111
  • moveable type                        18
  • nation – state                         27
  • political impacts            26 – 42
  • precursors of                         17
  • religious tolerance            24
  • science                                    25 – 26
  • significance of                        13
  • steam power                        46
  • technologies                         98 – 100
  • woodcut                        18, 109
  • world brotherhood            46

Prodigy  (ISP)                         303

Protestant Reformation

  • Catholic censorship            21, 22, 28
  • early European            21,  28  – 32
  • Wycliffe, John                        21

Protestant censorship            22 – 23

  • Hus, Jan                        21

Public Broadcasting Service

  • educational radio            219
  • established                        257
  • programs                        258

Publick Occurrences                        28, 32, 40

Public relations

  • AT&T campaign            176
  • cinema                         156
  • climate change             98
  • Creel Committee            180 – 181
  • crisis communication            184
  • Edward Bernays             179
  • muckraking                         175
  • Standard Oil (Exxon)            181
  • WWII allegations            182

Pulitzer, Joseph                        55, 61 – 65,   67

Pulitzer  Prize                                     87, 90, 94, 98

Pyle, Ernie                                    89 – 90

Radio

  • Biltmore agreement            225
  • Fireside Chat                         229
  • Fed Radio Comm            219
  • free press                        228
  • Golden age radio            222
  • Hindenburg disaster            225
  • Internet radio                        236
  • NAB Code                         229
  • radio DJs, Payola            233
  • radio news                         224, 225
  • Radio Act 1912            216
  • satellite radio                        235
  • talk radio                        235
  • War of the Worlds            227
  • sense of culture             15
  • Mayflower decision            229, 241
  • Re-tribalization             15
  • Phil. of regulation            228

Radio Corp. America (RCA)

  • American Marconi            219
  • NBC network                        225
  • television                        240

Raymond, Henry                        54 – 55

Recording Ind. Assn. Am.            322

Redstone, Sumner                         270

Reed, John                                    86 -87

Reporters Without Borders            87, 315

Reuter, Paul                                    207

Reuters news service                        207

Rheingold, Howard                        311, 318 – 319, 328

Riefenstahl, Leni                        154

RIAA – See Recording Industry

Riis, Jacob                                    115, 125

Rolling Stone (magazine)            271

Roosevelt, Theodore                         78 – 80, 126, 175

Roosevelt, Franklin D                        228 – 230

Roosevelt, Eleanor                        242

Roots (book and film)                        15

Rosenthal, Joe                                    132 – 133

Russell, William Howard            119, 202

Rwanda, genocide in                        89, 114

Sagan, Carl                                    28, 98

Salgado, Sebastiao                        126

Samizdats                                    21, 87

San Jose Mercury News            309

Santa Claus                                    51

Satellite communications

  • anti-trust                         265
  • Direct broadcasting            264
  • global tensions            263
  • Sputnik                         245
  • Telstar                                    245
  • Walesa, Lech                        262

Sarnoff, David

  • early days                        219
  • radio memo                        182, 221, 241
  • network law                         316

Schramm, Wilbur                        16, 335

Schurz, Carl                                    61, 62, 64

Scripps, Edward Willis

  • newspaper chain            67 – 70
  • United Press                        205 – 206
  • Science Service            68 –  70

Seldes, George                         82 – 84

Sensationalism

  • advertising                         169
  • British press                        73
  • British view of US            56
  • Hearst, W.R.                         65, 70 – 72
  • New York Herald            52
  • New York Sun                        51
  • Photography                        136 – 137
  • Scherlism (Germany)            62
  • science news                         69
  • Vietnam                        95

Shirkey, Clay                                    20, 138

Shirer, William L.

  • Gandhi, Mahatma            88
  • radio broadcasts             225, 230

Sinclair, Upton                         5, 81, 175

Smith, W. Eugene                        135

Social media

  • Facebook                        326
  • MySpace                        326
  • Twitter                                    329
  • Well, the (ISP)            318

Social responsibility

  • cinema, Nazi                        153 – 154
  • FCC                                     232
  • Hutchins Comm.            91 – 92
  • images                         113 – 115
  • MacBride report            263, 335
  • media reform                        196
  • Nazi press                        89
  • newspaper profits            103
  • Public Broadcasting            257
  • Rwanda press                        89
  • TV regulatory theory            261
  • UK reformers                         41

Spanish-American War            65, 72

Sputnik satellite                         245

Stallman, Richard                        319

Stanley, Henry Morton            57 – 58

Standard Oil

  • Ida Tarbell                        81
  • public relations            98, 175, 181
  • I.G. Farben                           181
  • US v Standard Oil            176

Stead, William

  • gov’t by journalism            55
  • Titanic disaster             56
  • sensationalism             55
  • cinema comparison            143

Steffens, Lincoln                        78, 81

Stephens, Mitchell                        1, 5, 113

Stead, William                                    58, 143

Steiglitz, Alfred                        124

Steichen, Edward                        124

Stewart, John                                    266

Strand, Paul                                    124

Streicher, Julius                         89, 114

Stryker, Roy                                    130

Sun Microsystems                        290

Swade, Doron                                     273

Tarbell, Ida                                    81

Taylor, Rob                                    299

Technology

  • social construction              7, 195, 334
  • determinism                        7, 334
  • cycles of technology            195 – 196
  • McLuhan’s Tetrad            11, 142
  • similarity                         142

Ten Days that Shook World             86 – 87

Telecommunications Act 1996

  • deregulation                        261
  • internet censorship            297, 311
  • radio consolidation            234
  • Reno v. ACLU            297, 311
  • V-Chip                          261

Telegraph

  • AP – Western Union            194, 204
  • influence on writing              202
  • Morse, Samuel            198 – 201
  • Morse code                        199 – 200
  • optical                                    197
  • spread in Europe            201
  • Thoreau, H.D.            views            196, 202
  • transatlantic cable            202
  • UK nationalizes            214
  • utopianism                        196, 271
  • Victorian Internet             197
  • Wheatstone, Charles            199 – 201

Television

  • advertising                        258
  • cable, satellite                        264
  • civil rights                        253, 256
  • educational TV            248
  • internet impact            266
  • Iron Curtain                        262
  • presidency                         249 – 251
  • quiz show scandals            246
  • social responsibility            196
  • Vietnam                        95, 251 – 252
  • WLBT case                         254

Texas Instruments                         280

Times of London (See London Times)

Titanic disaster                         215

Thoreau, Henry David             196,  202

Thucydides (Greek historian)            3

Tomlinson, Ray                        299

Thompson, Hunter S.                        97

Trumbo, Dalton                        157

Turing, Alan                                    272

Tyndale, William                         26

Typesetting

  • desktop publishing            101, 290
  • Linotype                         100, 289
  • moveable type                        18
  • photomechanical            101, 290
  • setting by hand            33 – 35, 99

Twain, Mark                                    62, 197

Twitter                                                329

United Nations

  • Int’l Telegraph Union  201
  • Int’l Standards Org.             137, 246
  • MacBride Comm.             262, 335

UNESCO                        335

United Press International            206

US v. Associated Press            206

US v. Loraine Journal                        233

US v. Microsoft                         233, 313

US v. NBC                                    232

US  v. Paramount                            149

Utopianism

  • defined                                    8
  • internet, web                         270, 298
  • print brotherhood            46
  • radio v darkness            224
  • telegraph                        201
  • television                        238

Van Anda, Carr                        70

Vespucci, Amerigo                        25

Vietnam war

  • adversarial press             94 – 95
  • Dolchtoss                        85, 251

Viewtron (See Knight-Ridder)

Villard, Henry                                    203

Visual communication

  • Altamira caves             107 – 108
  • human psyche                        108
  • woodblock printing            108
  • religious icons            109, 167
  • Rise of the Image            113
  • stereotypes                        115
  • corporate images            115
  • image advertising            165-166

Violence and media

  • children                        252, 253, 260
  • French revolution            36
  • McLuhan, Marshall            267
  • Nazi Germany                        89
  • television                         260

Volssische Zietung                         88

Voltaire, Francois                        30, 32

Waldseemuller, Martin            25

Walesa, Lech                                    262

Walter, John                                     39

Walter, John, II                         46-48

Wales, Jimmy                                    327 – 328

War Advertising Council            182

War of the Worlds                          226

Washington Post

  • apps, use of                        332
  • computer typesetting            290
  • Creel Committee            83
  • publishing on web            305

Watergate                         79, 95 – 96

Watergate scandal                        79, 95 – 96

Wells, Herbert G.

  • War of the Worlds            226
  • vision of TV                        239
  • vision of Web                        296

Wells, Ida B.(Baker-Barnett)            80

Wells, Orson

  • Citizen Kane                        72, 150
  • War of the Worlds            226
  • West, Mae                                     223

Western Union

  • AP monopoly                        194, 204  – 205
  • Origin                                    201

Wheatstone, Charles                         199 – 201

Whig history                                    4

Whigs and Tories                         38 – 39

White, William Allen                        78

Wilde, Oscar                                    40, 123

Wilkes, John                                    39

Wikileaks                                    334

Wikipedia                                    2,  317, 327

  • origins                                    327
  • printing comparison            26

Woodward, Bob                        96

Wired magazine                         272, 314

Wolfe, Tom                                    96 – 97

Wolff, Bernard                         61, 207

World Wide Web (WWW)

  • (Also see Internet)
  • Apache server                        320
  • browser wars                        312
  • censorship                        311
  • generative tech            295
  • Gopher (precursor)            301
  • Internet Explorer             313
  • Minitel                                    104, 201, 304
  • Mosaic                                    294, 308
  • Mozilla                        320
  • Netscape                        291, 308, 312
  • organized intelligence            75
  • origin of                        307
  • Reno v ACLU                        311
  • search Engines            314
  • visions of                        272,  278, 296 – 297

Wozniak, Steve                         210, 285

Xanadu ISP                                    307

Xerox  Corp

  • Apple Corp.                        271, 286 – 288
  • Ethernet                         300
  • PARC                                    286
  • Yahoo                                       314,  316

Yellow journalism

  • (Also see Sensationalism)
  • Lippmann, Walter            74
  • Hearst, W.R.                        70 – 72
  • Yellow Kid                         65, 71

YouTube                                     162, 315

  • OK Go (rock band)            323- 324

Zenger, John Peter                         32 – 34

Zinn, Howard                                    25

Zittrain, Jonathan                        297, 319, 322, 331

Zola, Emile                                    60

Zuckerberg, Mark                        326

Zworykin, Vladimir                        240